Richmond fed publications For "stable prices," the Fed targets annual growth of prices of goods and services at 2 percent over the longer run. Each Federal Reserve Bank gathers anecdotal information on current economic conditions in its District through reports from Bank and Branch directors and interviews with key business contacts, economists, market experts, and other AUTHOR: Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond ABSTRACT: These papers are written by Richmond Fed economists, in some cases in collaboration with outside economists. Visit the Federal Reserve System's FRASER to view the complete collection. cities. The Economic Education team at the Richmond Fed provides resources and programs for teaching economics, personal finance and the Federal Reserve to elementary, middle and high school students. economy since World War II provides methods for estimating and forecasting these shifts. These papers are written by Richmond Fed economists, in some cases in collaboration with outside economists. The Fed, it appeared to some, had developed a policy of bailing out stock investors by injecting liquidity into the economy amid large stock market declines. Milton Friedman, the architect of modern monetarism and an advocate for free markets, was an energetic public intellectual who greatly influenced economics. But "maximum employment" is more difficult to define, as no single statistic Home / Publications / Research / Econ Focus Federal Reserve Index This department of Econ Focus looks at activities of the Fed and economic issues affecting monetary policy. In a recent Richmond Fed Economic Brief, Pinto documented that the evidence on the effectiveness of such incentives has been mixed. All resources are free and can either be ordered or downloaded online. This perceived tendency came to be called the The Richmond Fed produces several publications that feature the work of economists in its Research Department, but those economists also publish extensively in other venues. business dynamism, artificial intelligence, and pricing strategies. They represent work prepared for later publication or presentation to professional meetings. Oct 15, 2025 · Summary of Commentary on Current Economic Conditions by Federal Reserve District Commonly known as the Beige Book, this report is published eight times per year. The lecture was delivered as part of the Richmond Fed's Collaboration of Research Economists (CORE) Week model, which brings together Richmond Fed economists and visiting economists from a range of disciplines for In this special issue on small towns and rural areas: the nursing shortage, the economic promise of startups and the need for affordable housing in these communities. Several important assumptions are needed to be able to predict the path of the balance sheet. Indexes such as the PCE and CPI, business and consumer surveys, and watching the inflation anchor help the Fed gauge inflation expectations and patterns. Publications / Research Econ Focus Econ Focus Econ Focus is the economics magazine of the Richmond Fed. Mengbo Zhang was a former dissertation intern at the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond. " Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond Economic Brief, No. 25-42. The Richmond Fed has published Economic Brief since 2008. In this issue: the outdoor recreation sector, the end of the student loan moratorium, the origin of the 2 percent inflation target, and more. Many Americans have surprisingly little set aside for retirement. Place-based policies to attract firms can reduce poverty and increase employment, but they can also push existing residents out and create negative spillovers on surrounding localities. We conduct research to support policymaking and thought leadership on issues important to the Federal Reserve and the Fifth District. (July 2022) "Do Black Households Face Higher and More Volatile Inflation?" Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond Economic Brief, No. We also inform the public through our data and economic analysis, publications, presentations and educational resources. Feb 28, 2022 · In this issue: job mobility after the pandemic, the Fed's forward guidance, climate change and North Carolina, and more. Use the form below to order a free print subscription (within the United States) to Econ Focus, a quarterly economics magazine covering issues that matter to our communities. In this issue: new interest in nuclear energy, community colleges in the criminal justice system, the quest for good economic data, and more. S. . The Research Digest brings this work together in one place. Publications / Research / Econ Focus Opinion Index In this Econ Focus column, the Richmond Fed's research director and economists share their views on economic and policy issues. Their author profiles Econ Focus is the economics magazine of the Richmond Fed. Published from 1993 to 2020, this journal contained articles on monetary theory and policy, banking and finance, and the payment system. Population Growth and Firm-Product Dynamics Population growth across almost all major world Instead, economic data contain imperfect or noisy information about these central elements relevant to policymakers. Econ Focus is the economics magazine of the Richmond Fed. The newest issue explores philanthropy in rural areas; buy now; pay later plans; the Fed's dollar liquidity swap lines; and more. Researchers presented papers on a variety of topics, including population growth and firm behavior, U. Negative credit supply shocks led to reduced firm employment and increased firm exit probability, especially among financially constrained firms (those that were smaller, younger and had high external financial dependence). Its predecessor, Economic Review, was published from 1974 to 1992. Visit our email subscription page to sign up for notifications when new issues are posted online. 22-25. While inflation has an exact definition and a measured target, the concept of price stability is also prone to measurement challenges, as the Exploring the evolving significance of different production sectors within the U. Please credit the author, source, and the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond and include the italicized statement below. Introduced in 2023, the Goodfriend Memorial Lecture series honors the legacy of Marvin Goodfriend, long-time Richmond Fed economist, research director and senior policy advisor. Verify the component and related subitems are approved and published. For example, the Fed's monetary policy framework has long acknowledged the challenges of estimating the level of maximum employment. Which articles do you read? What topics would you like to see more coverage of? Please take a few minutes to fill out the online survey. Based exclusively on public information, we use alternative sets of plausible assumptions to construct and During the last nonfinancial recession, negative credit supply shocks reduced firms' employment and increased their exit probability. Russell Wong is a senior economist in the Research Department at the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond. 23-26. 11 hours ago · (November 2025) "Noise Bargaining: A New Perspective on Single Proposers, Negotiation and Delays. This article may be photocopied or reprinted in its entirety. Market commentors noticed a pattern during Alan Greenspan's tenure as Fed chair from 1987 to 2006. 25-36. Economists from the Richmond Fed, research universities and other institutions met in Richmond for a conference in December. The newest issue explores how tariffs might impact South Carolina, the evolution of payments fraud, and more. We are thankful for comments from RC Balaban, Huberto Ennis, Anna Kovner and Alex Wolman. 6 days ago · As the federal government shrinks its payroll, local stakeholders are working to bring displaced employees back into the workforce. This publication covers economic issues affecting the Fifth Federal Reserve District and the nation. (August 2023) "A Rate Cycle Unlike Any Other. (September 2025) "Do Federal Layoffs Have Ripple Effects on Local Economies?" Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond Economic Brief, No. The Richmond Fed looks at the economic impact of the opioid crisis in the Fifth District. The A new paper finds evidence of causal effects of historical redlining on present-day exposure to environmental and climate risks in six large U. In pursuit of these goals, the Fed links these mandates to concrete economic measures. Datasource is undefined for the Section component. Please credit the authors, source, and the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond and include the italicized statement below. The editors of the Richmond Fed's economics magazine want to hear from our readers. View Latest Issue > View Archive > Based on staff economists’ research, this non-technical series of articles covers current economic issues and trends every month. If you have questions or to request past issues, please email Research Publications. Cleveland Fed District Data Brief Cleveland Fed Regional Policy Report Community Development Publications Community Reinvestment Forum Community Reinvestment Report Digital Books Economic Commentary Economic Review Financial Services working paper Forefront Infographics Multimedia Storytelling Policy Discussion Papers Proceedings Reflections by Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond Working Paper Series Richmond Fed working papers are written by Richmond Fed economists, in some cases in collaboration with outside economists. Congress has given the Federal Reserve a dual mandate: pursue stable prices and achieve maximum employment. They are circulated in this series for purposes of discussion and comment. Talking about the future has become a valuable tool of monetary policy, but recent events have prompted a reevaluation. As the Fed embarks on balance sheet policy normalization, there is natural interest in understanding the projected evolution of the Fed's asset portfolio over the next three to four years. Richmond Fed Economic Brief, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond Economic Quarterly, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond People who have registered with RePEc and have claimed to be affiliated with this institution: Their publications Find all publications of all authors listed below conveniently compiled on IDEAS. Why, and what can be done to help more Americans save and retire with financial security? Nov 5, 2025 · Credit supply in Mexico tightened during the nonfinancial COVID-19 recession, not due to banks' financial health but primarily due to heightened risk aversion. Summaries of research presented by economists from the Richmond Fed, the University of Virginia, and Duke University at this semi-annual event, which builds on existing partnerships between these institutions. They represent work prepared for later publication or presentation at professional meetings. A list of forthcoming and published papers is available on our externally published research page. lunwxg ztubbcm 7zcposg lzann6 v85 vgp xidgv61 no1o ldfo rbpa3h